Use of rubber bullets and pellets at Tirana protests (17-24 October 2026)
Status: Ongoing: prosecution 7806/2026 open; suspensions reported (count disputed); Ombudsman work ongoing
Summary
Reuters, AFP and Al Jazeera reported that on 17 October 2026 Albanian police fired rubber bullets at anti-government protesters in Tirana. AFP described it as the first such use since the protests began. Reuters reported that police footage appeared to show an officer firing toward crowds outside the Education Ministry, with pellets striking two Reuters journalists and several demonstrators. Police chief Skender Hita did not deny the use and said the means were used 'in a limited manner'. RSF counted at least 23 media professionals affected between 13 and 19 October, one of them wounded in the leg by a police rubber projectile.
On 24 October 2026 a 28-year-old protester, Erjon (also spelled Erion) Vishkulli, was reported hit in the left eye by a rubber bullet. The Tirana Prosecution registered proceeding no. 7806/2026, which Balkanweb reports concerns Articles 248 and 250 of the Criminal Code and possible disproportionate use of force by police. No outcome was found.
Whether rubber bullets could lawfully be fired at a person, or at the head or upper body, has not been established: the relevant Albanian legal texts could not be read (see gaps). A line repeated across many reports says Albanian law allows rubber bullets only in extreme cases; it was not traced to a primary text.
Key facts
- 17 Oct 2026: first rubber-bullet use reported (AFP; Al Jazeera 17 Oct).
- 17 Oct 2026: two Reuters journalists hit by pellets (SCMP/Reuters).
- 21 Oct 2026: RSF statement; 28 incidents; at least 23 media professionals, 13-19 Oct.
- 24 Oct 2026: Vishkulli eye injury; prosecution 7806/2026 registered (Balkanweb, 26 Oct).
- Seven officers suspended is reported by Econotimes (17 Oct) and AFP-based Breitbart; an advocacy petition says one officer was suspended. Not reconciled.
The record
Four lists kept apart on purpose: what is established, what is only alleged, what is still open, and what those concerned said.
What is proven (1)
Established by documents or official records, as stated in the research. A recorded charge or indictment proves only that the accusation was made.
- Police confirmed rubber bullets were used (Hita, 17 Oct 2026; OFFICIALLY_REPORTED).
What is alleged (2)
Accusations, not findings. Those accused are presumed innocent.
- AllegationThat rounds were fired at the upper body or head.
- AllegationThat the Vishkulli injury was caused by police fire.
Allegations and who made them (2)
Each line is an allegation as recorded, with the person or body that made it where the record names them.
- AllegationRubber bullets were fired at protesters and journalists in ways that caused head, eye and leg injuries (reported, not adjudicated).
- AllegationDisproportionate use of force by police (under investigation per Tirana Prosecution, as reported).
Open questions (4)
- Which rounds, launchers and firing distances were used, and who authorised them?
- Did any rounds hit the head or upper body, and was that within the applicable rules?
- What did the State Police and Police Oversight Agency investigations conclude?
- What legal basis is cited for rubber bullets in Law 82/2024 and its implementing regulation?
Responses (3)
Responses of the people and organisations concerned, as recorded.
- Skender Hita: 'limited manner' (17 Oct 2026).
- Edi Rama: defended the response, citing an officer's alleged fractured jaw (Tasnim, 18 Oct 2026).
- Ombudsman: examining necessity and proportionality (per EU written question summary); Ombudsman drafting use-of-force recommendations (30 Oct 2026 page title seen in search).
Timeline
Full timeline →Media
Media-freedom groups including CPJ send open letter to Speaker of Parliament on attacks on journalists
Letter asks for a parliamentary hearing, asks the State Police to address violence and obstruction against journalists, and calls for implementation of the State Police guidelines adopted in May 2025 (per RSF summary).
Connections
Says police used certified irritant spray
Evidence: Gazeta TEMA report (2026): minister told parliament police used certified irritant spray.
Sources for this record
Every source the research cites for this record, grouped by its source label. 12 sources.
Source label: VerifiedVerified · 1 source
- Publisher
- UN, Eighth Congress on the Prevention of Crime (Havana, 27 Aug-7 Sep 1990); text hosted by University of Minnesota Human Rights Library
- Date
- 7 Sep 1990
Source label: Officially reportedOfficially reported · 6 sources
- Publisher
- Al Jazeera
- Date
- 17 Oct 2026
- Publisher
- RSF
- Date
- 21 Oct 2026
- Publisher
- Balkanweb
- Date
- 26 Oct 2026
- Publisher
- CPJ and partners
- Date
- 14 Oct 2026
- Publisher
- Gazeta TEMA
- Date
- 2026
- Publisher
- Amnesty International
- Date
- 17 Mar 2023
Source label: UnverifiedUnverified · 5 sources
- Publisher
- Albanian State Police / Ministry of Interior
- Date
- 26 Jul 2024
- Publisher
- Republic of Albania
- Date
- 31 Jul 2014
- Publisher
- Council of Ministers, Albania
- Date
- 24 Feb 2025
- Publisher
- Change.org petition (author not identified in the search result)
- Date
- Oct 2026
- Publisher
- European Parliament (written question)
- Date
- undated
